Piston



Aug. 26, 1930. w, NOBLE 1,774,396

PISTON Filed March 4, 1927 Patented Aug. 26, 1930 UNITED STATES WARREN NOBLE, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN PISTON Application filed March 4,

This invention relates to pistons of internal combustion engines wherein the eftects of heat are liable to result in excessive wear or seizure of the piston skirt in the cylinder; and it is the principal objective to minimize such effects by providing a type of skirt and skirt support which will afiord a high degree of compensation for the expansive effects of heat from the head of the piston or from the wall of the cylinder and which will, moreover, be so associated with the head that rapid direct conducting of heat to the skirt from the head will be prevented to a very desirable extent.

A further object is to maintain with adequate support a flexibility of the skirt which will serve to prevent binding or seizing of the skirt in the cylinder.

The invention further contemplates the provision of pistons with skirts in the form of shoes remotely connected to the head by transverse curved arms carried by the pin bosses of the piston in a manner adapted to the effective attainment of the aforesaid objects.

Still further objects or advantages subsidiary or incidental to the aforesaid objects, or resulting from the construction or operation of the invention as it may be carried into effect, will become apparent as the said invention is hereinafter further disclosed.

In carrying the said invention into effect I may provide the novel construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described 1927. Serial No. 172,634.

Figures 5 6, 7 and 8 are similar views to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4:, of a modified form of the invention.

Similar characters of reference indicate similar parts in the several figures of the drawing.

In the first example, Figures 1 to 4:, the head 1 of the piston has a central pin boss 2 dependent therefrom by virtue of hangers 3. The skirt is in the form of a crosshead in which oppositely disposed shoes i are carried by the extremities of a curved bar 5 connected intermediate its ends at 6 to the underside of the said pin boss 2. This connection 6 is the only point in the piston through which heatmay be conducted from the head to the crosshead, and is remote from both the head 1 and the shoes 4, said connection 6 being also of relatively small cross sectional area. i

As a result of such construction comparatively little heat finds its way through the connection 6 to the crosshead to result in expansive outward extension of the crosshead, and such heating of the crosshead as does occur from direct conductance from the head or indirect conductance from the walls of the cylinder in which the piston operates, is counteracted by the inherent flexibility of the curved transverse bar 5 whereby such flexibility will operate to cause the bar to flex under tendency of the shoes to press unduly on the cylinder wall.

For efiective supporting operation the crosshead extends in a direction transverse to the axis of the pin boss as will be readily understood.

More than one anchor bar may be employed if desired, and also the curvature may be in the opposite direction to that shown in Figures 1 to 4. For instance, Figures 5 to 8 show a type of piston wherein two pin bosses 7 are provided between the hangers 8 of which two anchor bars 9 are connected by a shroud 10, these bars being curved in the direction of the head of the piston. Here again the connecting shroud is of relatively small cross sectional area and is remote from the piston head, although not to the same extent as the connection 6 of the previous example. This arrangement has, however, proved very effective in actual practice, and much superior to straight arm or rigid crossheads.

The invention affords increased piston and cylinder life, and makes for running ellieiency under extreme conditions of use without proportionally excessive wear, friction or seizure. Its structure is not complicated and admits of the use of a quite small amount of material in the skirt structure.

Herein and in the claims, the term flexible or flexibility as applied to the anchor arms is intended to alter to such flexibility as is found in curved iron, steel, or other metal pieces as distinguished from straight pieces when subjected to end compressive stress, and not to excessive flexibility provided in the metal itself.

This invention may be developed within the scope of the following claims without departing from the essential features of the said invention, and it is desired that the specifications and drawings he reao as being merely illustrative and not in limiting sense, exce it as necessitated by the prior art.

hat I claim is 1. In a. piston. having a head. and wrist pin supporting means dependent from said head, a cross head including an anchor bar flexible under endwise pressure, said bar extending transversely of the wrist pin axis and shoes solely support d on the extremities of said 2. In a piston assemb y, a piston head having depending hangers, a wrist pin supported by said hangers, a cross head comprising a bent anchor bar having shoes attached to the ends thereof carried by said hangers, the axis of said bent anchor bar lying in a vertical plane transverseto a plane containing the axis of said wrist pin.

3. In a piston assembly, a piston head having depending hangers, a wrist pin supported by said hangers, a crosshe l comprising an anchor bar having shoes ached to the ends thereof carried by said hangers, said anchor bar being bent towards a horizontal plane containing the axis of said. wrist pin.

4%. In a piston assembly, a iston head hav ing depending hangers, a pin supported by said hangers, a or ead comprising an anchor bar having shoes attached to the ends thereof, an extension of restricted cross-sectional area on said hangers by which said anchor bar is attached to said hangers, the axis of said anchor bar residing in vertically spaced relation from the axis of said wrist pin.

5. In a piston assembly, a piston head having depending hangers, a wrist pin supported WARREN "NOBLE. 

